Surgical Oncology

Common Areas of Surgical Oncology

Breast Cancer Surgery

Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers treated with surgery. Surgical options include:

• Lumpectomy: Removing the tumor while preserving most of the breast tissue.

• Mastectomy: Removing the entire breast, often used in cases of advanced cancer or when multiple areas are affected.

Prostate Cancer Surgery

For prostate cancer, surgery involves removing the prostate gland, a procedure known as a prostatectomy. This is typically recommended for men with early-stage prostate cancer when the cancer is confined to the prostate.

Abdominal Cancer Surgery

Abdominal cancer refers to cancers affecting organs like the stomach, liver, and intestines. Surgery may involve removing part or all of the affected organ. Gastrectomy (stomach removal) or hepatectomy (liver resection) are examples of abdominal cancer surgeries.

Pancreatic Cancer Surgery

Pancreatic cancer is often treated with a procedure known as the Whipple procedure (pancreatoduodenectomy), which involves removing the head of the pancreas, part of the small intestine, and sometimes other nearby tissues.

Bone Cancer Surgery

For patients with bone cancer, surgery may involve removing the tumor and surrounding tissue or, in severe cases, amputation. Limb-sparing surgery is a preferred option when possible, allowing the patient to retain the affected limb.

Colorectal Cancer Surgery

Colorectal cancer often requires surgery to remove the cancerous section of the colon or rectum. Procedures like colectomy or proctectomy are common for treating these cancers.

Why You May Need Surgery

Cancer surgery is often necessary to:

• Remove the Tumor: In many cases, surgery is the most effective way to remove cancer.

• Stage the Cancer: Surgery allows doctors to determine the extent of the cancer’s spread.

• Relieve Symptoms: In some cases, surgery is performed to relieve pain or blockages caused by tumors, improving the patient’s quality of life.

How to Prepare for Surgery

Preparing for cancer surgery involves several important steps:

• Consult with Your Surgical Oncologist: Discuss the procedure, its risks, and the expected outcomes. Your doctor will guide you on what to expect.

• Pre-Surgery Tests: You may undergo imaging tests, blood work, and other assessments to ensure you’re ready for surgery.

• Healthy Lifestyle Changes: In some cases, surgery is performed to relieve pain or blockages caused by tumors, improving the patient’s quality of life.

Short-Term Side Effects of Cancer Surgery

In the short term, you may experience:

• Pain and Discomfort: Mild to moderate pain at the surgical site, which can be managed with pain relief medications.

• Swelling and Bruising: Common after surgery, especially around the incision area.  Fatigue: It’s normal to feel tired and weak for several days or weeks after surgery.

Long-Term Side Effects of Cancer Surgery

Long-term side effects can vary depending on the type of surgery and may include:

• Changes in Physical Function: Depending on the location of the surgery, some patients may experience long-term changes in movement or bodily function.

• Scar Tissue Formation: Scarring is common after surgery and may require additional treatments to minimize.

• Risk of Infection: Although rare, some patients may experience long-term infections or complications from the surgery.